Manuel Canuto Restrevo y Villegas, 1825 - 1891: un obispo en guerras civiles colombianas, entre La Comuna de París y la Comuna de Pasto

This article is about a colombian from the conservative region of Antioquia, his name is Manuel Canuto Restrepo and Villegas, he formed himself as a priest and became a bishop from the theological city of Pasto in 1872. He decidedly committed himself with the catholic regime -which at the time was privileged by the state-, supported by the Syllabus errorum. He fought for it in times of war and peace, his battles where assiduously against his opponents, liberals, protestants, masons and communists which, in his concept where forming a complot against the catholic religion, to substitute the church for a free thinking with domain of reason and atheism. To neutralize these he founded a community in Pasto that opposed to the one in Paris and developed multiple pastoral activities do to the fact that he was an expert in fighting a war with the pen and anonymity. Once his renounce was accepted by a papal requirement after the political and religious war of 1876-1877, he lost his position in 1880 and he had to wait several years -before his death in 1891-, until the fall of the radical liberalism (1863-1886) in order to be able to taste the delights of the conservative regeneration, pro-hispanic and catholic.Este artículo estudia a un colombiano de la región conservadora de Antioquia, Manuel Canuto Restrepo y Villegas, que se formó como sacerdote y llegó al obispado de la teológica ciudad de Pasto, al sur de los Estados Unidos de Colombia, en 1872. Se comprometió decididamente con la doctrina católica y la sociedad de cristiandad apoyadas en el Syllabus errorum. Luchó por ellas en la guerra y la paz, y batalló asiduamente contra sus opositores, liberales, protestantes, masones y comunistas, quienes, en su concepto, tramaban un complot contra el catolicismo para sustituir a la Iglesia por el libre-pensamiento, el dominio de la razón y el ateísmo. Para ello, fundó una Comuna en Pasto que opuso a la de París y desarrolló múltiples actividades pastorales, siendo un experto en la guerra de la pluma y del anónimo. Aceptada su renuncia por exigencia Papal después de la guerra político-religiosa de 1876-1877, perdió su cargo en 1880 y debió esperar unos años el derrumbe del liberalismo radical (1863-1886) para saborear las mieles de la Regeneración conservadora, prohispánica y católica, antes de su muerte en 1891