Mortalidad infantil por enfermedades infecciosas intestinales en Venezuela, 1996-2008

Objective: Study of the Mortality for Infectious Intestinal Diseases (IID) in 1-year-old minors in Venezuela according to time, person, etiology and place during 1996-2008. Materials and Used Methods: The sources are the Yearbooks of Mortality of the Min. and the National Institute of Statistics. Analysis are presented in absolute and relative numbers and calculations of specific rates of 1-year-old minors according to sex, etiology, federal entity and time, averages, rates and proportions. Pearson Correlation between rate of infant mortality for IID with Index of Human Development (IDH) (p<0.05). Analysis with Microsoft Excel 2010 and SPSS.13.00. Results: The deaths diminished very much, the rates of the first triennium dropped from 3.18 for thousand to 0.66; rates fell almost 5 times. The index of masculinity is 1.33, timely stable. The IID (94.3%) are diarrheas and gastroenteritis of presumable infectious origin; bacterial: Salmonella, Shigella and intestinal bacterial poisonings (1.5%); amebiasis and protozoans (3.8%); the rest viral (0.05%). The rates change much among the states. The last triennium, Delta Amacuro reaches a rate of 6.45, 10 times over of the national rate, followed distantly by Zulia 2.64, Amazonas 2.28 and Apure 2.03. There was a moderate correlation (-0.416; p=0.03) inversely proportional between the rate of mortality and the IDH. Conclusions: The infant mortality for IID is descending very much in absolute and relative numbers. It is necessary to improve the etiological diagnosis. States with high proportion of rural and indigenous population have the highest rates; tackling sanitarily these states, would have a great impact in the load of deaths.Objetivo: Estudio de la Mortalidad por Enfermedades Infecciosas Intestinales (CIE-10: A00-A09) (EII) en los menores de 1 año en Venezuela según tiempo, persona, etiología y lugar durante 1996-2008. Materiales y Métodos Utilizados: Las fuentes son los Anuarios de Mortalidad del Min. Salud y del Instituto Nacional de Estadística. Análisis en números absolutos y cálculos de tasas específicas de menores de 1 año según sexo, etiología, entidad federal y tiempo, promedios, razones y proporciones. Correlación de Pearson entre tasa de mortalidad infantil por EII con Índice de Desarrollo Humano (IDH) (p