Is Corruption Influenced by Human Development Index and Transparency? A Global Spatial Assessment Using GIS

The intricacy of the construction practices sometimes causes the vague atmosphere between clients, partners, and providers, is one of the Achilles heels of infrastructure projects; this grounds the industry as the most inefficient, corrupted business in the world. Governments, in recent years, have made a significant positive effort on public transparency. E-government is an effective tool to execute the very subject. Not only e-government helps transparency, but also it provides openness, accountability, the participation of citizens, etc. By giving citizens access to the functionality of public organizations and institutions, and providing open media for public debates, nations can obtain higher levels of transparency and efficiency in activities. In turn, this policy can significantly reduce the instances of corruption too. It is worth to note that eliminating the corrupted officials would not necessarily reduce the instances of corruption. In this research, the effect of the human development index and transparency on the level of corruption in the world is assessed using GIS. Results show that, e-government is a tool for linking the available information and communication technologies together to provide public openness. However, abusing the citizens using their private data, hiding the available corruption in the top levels of the governmental organizations, accessing the businesses bank accounts to extract the transactions, etc. are among the common ways which e-government is exploited in some countries