Operational Challenges of Solving Urban Coyote Problems in Southern California

We present challenges, methodologies, and solutions related to mitigating urban coyote (Canis latrans) problems in southern California. The physical environment, the diverse urban structure (green belts and parks) with its abundant food resources which support high coyote densities, combined with the human component (behavior, urbanization, politics) create operational challenges. The increasing disconnect between humans and wildlife, coyote emigration/immigration into the increasing rural/urban interface, and coyote life cycles that occur exclusively in urban environments, all contribute to the increase in coyote-human conflicts. California\u27s southern counties\u27 human population has expanded 13% over the period from 1990-2000 and is projected to increase 55% from 1990-2025. We documented a 228% increase in conflicts between coyotes and pet/hobby animals when comparing two 8-year periods, 1990-1998 and 1999-2006. In addition, we recorded a 300% increase in conflicts between humans and coyotes comparing the same periods. A large majority of coyote conflicts in southern California are urban conflicts. Resolving such conflicts in southern California requires knowledge of the urban environments that coyotes inhabit; knowledge of California statutes, regulations, and local ordinances as they relate to the use of control tools; and the ability to work with diverse groups of people. We describe integrated pest management solutions by providing specific technical assistance and direct control solutions when coyotes become aggressive or inflict harm to humans or pets