A cladisitic analysis of the subfamily Philanthinae (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae)

The Philanthinae, as treated here, contains the eight valid genera Aphilanthops Patton, Cerceris Latreille, Clypeadon Patton, Eucerceris Cresson, Philanthinus Beaumont, Philanthus Fabricius, Pseudoscolia Radoszkowski and Trachypus Klug. Listropygia Bohart is synonymized with Clypeadon, syn.n. The genera Eremiasphecium Kohl and Odontosphex Arnold are removed from the Philanthinae and regarded as genera incertae sedis within Sphecidae. Analysis of the genera of this redefined subfamily Philanthinae finds two major clades whose monophyly is strongly supported: (Philanthinus + (Philanthus + Trachypus)) [ = Tribe Philanthini] and (Pseudoscolia + ( Cerceris + Eucerceris)) [ = Tribe Cercerini]. There is some evidence for the monophyly of Clypeadon + Aphi-lanthops [ = Tribe Aphilanthopini]. Cerceris and Philanthus are inferred to be paraphyletic with respect to Eucerceris and Trachypus, respectively. Philanthinus is removed from the tribe Aphilanthopini and placed in the tribe Philanthini, and the monotypic tribe Pseudoscoliini is synonymized with Cercerini