The dysfunctions of scientific policy: From science and technological development to R&D+i (innovation) Las disfunciones en la política científica: De la ciencia y el desarrollo tecnológico a la I+D+i

The modern science policy was established in the industrial advanced countries according to a hybrid model which integrated European initiatives, performed within the First World War context, with those of the USA «Science: frontier without limits», paradigm drawn up at the Second World War context. The broad European diversity drove to a systemic variety as an adaptive result to the peculiarities of each State. European Community made a bet for science and technology as a common goal since its inception. The process attained maturity at the eighties decade of the past century. On the strategic platform of the Framework Program philosophy, the European Commission attempted by using subsidiarity and complimentary principles to become the engine gear of the common scientific development and/or the adhesive factor to close gaps or flaws between countries with distinct scientific technological levels in terms of culture and development. However, the global energetic and economic crises broke up the economic bubbles coming from neoliberal economic practices. This process negatively affected the scientific development that became losing weight as it was the case for the science policy concept. Both were overpassed by other instrumental and economically influenced labels such as the R & D or even more by the R+D +Innovation tag which has evolved to be considered as a mantra. Owing to socio-historical reasons, Spain has been a late comer to the processes of modern science policy initiatives: This was a general trend in spite of the value and compromise of some but relevant institutions and individuals. Nevertheless, two slaws elaborated and enacted under different contexts have failed to build a strong and stable system for promoting science and technology.Peer Reviewe