Photoreportage in Croatia during the Interwar period

Pojava fotoreportaže koincidira s razvojem fotožurnalizma u Njemačkoj dvadesetih godina prošlog stoljeća. Rad rekonstruira samo značenje pojma, njegovo preklapanje sa srodnim podvrstama, te relaciju s dokumentarnom fotografijom u cjelini. Začetak reportažnog žanra i formiranje moderne fotoreportaže na svjetskoj razini reflektirat će se i u radu hrvatskih fotografa. Analiza građe dnevnog i tjednog tiska u periodu između dva svjetska rata pokazala je postupnu implementaciju reportažnog žanra unutar konteksta masovnog medija. Pojava reportažnog žanra podrazumijeva pristup novinskom izvješćivanju kojim se prenosi atmosfera i karakter snimljenog događaja. Fotografija je lišena ateljerske estetizacije, te ju karakteriziraju intuitivan odabir motiva i kratka ekspozicija. Za najznačajnija ostvarenja u polju fotoreportaže zaslužni su Dušan Šegina, Teodor Rona, Vladimir Horvat, Đuro Janeković, Franjo Fuis i Milan Pavić. Koristeći realizam reporterske fotografije, ovi autori dokumentiraju kulturu življenja u međuratnom periodu. Tridesetih godina dolazi do promjene u reporterskoj estetici uvjetovane društvenim kontekstom vremena, kada se pojedini autori posvećuju socijalno angažiranoj fotografiji.The emergence of photoreportage coincides with the development of photojournalism in Germany during the 1920's. This paper reconstructs the meaning of the term, its overlap with similar subdivisions and its relation with documentary photography in general. The dawning of the reportage genre and the formation of modern photojournalism at the global level was reflected in the work of Croatian photographers as well. The analysis of daily and weekly press of the interwar period revealed gradual implementation of the reportage genre within the context of mass media. The emergence of the reportage genre implies an approach to newspaper reporting that conveys the atmosphere and character of the recorded events. Photoreportage is devoid of the aesthetization of studio photography, and characterized by an intuitive selection of motifs and short exposure. Photographers credited for the most significant achievements in the field of photoreportage are Dušan Šegina, Teodor Rona, Vladimir Horvat, Đuro Janeković, Franjo Fuis and Milan Pavić. These authors document the culture of life in the interwar period by utilizing the realism of reportage photography. However, the 1930's bring forth a change in the aesthetics of reportage caused by the social context of the period, during which some authors are starting to devote to socially engaged photography