Climate change impact on food security

To end of hunger and malnutrition and achieve food security and improve nutrition is at the heart of the sustainable development goals. At the same time, climate change is already impacting agriculture and food security, and will make the challenge of ending hunger and malnutrition even more difficult. The effects of climate change on our ecosystems are already severe and widespread, and ensuring food security in the face of climate change is the most daunting challenge facing humankind. While some of the problems associated with climate change are emerging gradually, action is urgently needed to build resilience in agricultural production systems. Despite tremendous progress in crop production, almost 800 million people are chronically undernourished, and 161 million under-five year olds are stunted (FAO, 2016).According to the United Nations (2015) report, there are still 836 million people in the world living in extreme poverty (less than USD1.25/day). At least 70% of the poor people live in rural areas, most of them depending partly or completely on agriculture for livelihood. It is estimated that 500 million smallholder farms in the developing world are supporting almost 2 billion people. In Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, these small farms produce about 80% of the food consumed (IFAD, 2011)..