Filling in the gaps: European governance, the open method of coordination and the European Commission

The article addresses the way in which EU policy-making operates, explains the relevance of 'lifelong learning' for the European Commission and analyses the mechanisms by which the Commission has advanced policy-making in education and training since the Lisbon Summit. The article reviews in particular the alleged lack of effectiveness of the Open Method of Coordination in education and, second, the notion that the EU advances 'slowly and persistently' in its acquisition of competences in this area