Communication in ground squirrels

Thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Citellus tridecemlineatus) are among the more abundant and conspicuous Midwestern mammals, yet surprisingly little is known of their behavior under natural conditions, except for the study of McCarley (1966) which concentrated on population dynamics. The object of my study was to describe the general behavior of the ground squirrel, with particular emphasis on postures and vocalizations used in communication. Communication occurs whenever the behavioral activities of one animal affect the activities of another. Communication among members of a group is an essential part of social life, reducing aggression in animal groups as well as synchronizing reproductive activities