The hydrogen isotope fractionation between kaolinite and water

Hydrogen isotope fractionation factors between kaolinite and water were determined at temperatures between 200° and 352°C. Five-gram samples of kaolinite were heated in contact with 8-mg samples of water in sealed glass reaction tubes. Under these conditions the approach to equilibrium with time will be reflected primarily in the change of the δ D in the water. Also the δ D of the hydrogen in the kaolinite will be relatively constant, subject to minor corrections. About seventy sealed vessels were heated for various times at various temperatures. During four months of heating, ∼25% of kaolinite hydrogen exchanged with the water at 200°C, whereas 100% exchanged at 352°C. The α-values were estimated assuming equilibrium between exchanged kaolinite and water. The 10^3lnα-values are estimated to be −20, −15, −6 and +7 for 352°, 300°, 250° and 200°C, respectively, which are in approximate agreement with reported values previously determined at 400°C using conventional methods as well as those estimated from kaolinite in hydrothermally active systems. The curve representing the relationship between the hydrogen isotope fractionation factor for the kaolinite-water system and temperatures between 400° and 25°C is not monotonic but rather has a maximum at 200°C