Economic and environment impacts of mass tourism on regional tourism destinations: a case study of Ten New 'Bali' in Indonesia

In response to the increasing demands of tourism destinations, the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy under the mandate from the Indonesian President in 2016 has initiated a mega project called “Ten New Bali”. The areas of destination planned to be developed are: Borobudur Temple in West Java, Mandalika in Lombok Island, Labuan Bajo in Flores Island East Nusa Tenggara, Bromo-TenggerSemeru in East Java, the Thousand Islands in North Jakarta, Toba Lake in North Sumatra, Wakatobi in Southeast Sulawesi, Tanjung Lesung in West Java, Morotai in North of Halmahera in maluku Islands and Tanjung Kelayang in Belitung Sumatra. This initiation is a summer breeze for some reasons knowing that Indonesia is opening so many alternative channels for economic development toward tourism. However, the concept of “Ten New Bali”, if it is referred to the actual condition of what Bali is currently suffering from at the moment, is a wake-up call for all participating social, economy and environmental investigators to fully navigate the projects from being staked out from a pull tourism destination’s perspective. The study is intended to examine and elaborate strategic answers toward the impacts on the enforcement of Indonesia’ tourism establishment particularly the aftermath likelihoods from the initiation of “Ten New Bali”, starting with the issue of locals’ economic growth and leakages within their participation in tourism development, and environmental quality’s degradation