Chronic anterior bilateral exertional compartment syndrome management following fasciotomy: A Case Report

Background and Purpose Chronic exertional compartment syndrome occurs most often in individuals that are athletes, especially avid runners, and military personnel. Fasciotomy is the gold standard medical intervention for individuals who wish to return to their prior level of activity. Currently, there is very limited research on the most effective rehabilitation program following fasciotomy. Case Description The subject of this case report is a 34 year old female avid runner that was diagnosed with bilateral anterior chronic exertional compartment syndrome. She underwent surgical decompression surgery to release the fascia on her left lower leg only. The purpose of this case report is to describe a rehabilitation program for a patient following anterior compartment fasciotomy. Outcomes The lower extremity functional scale (LEFS) and foot and ankle ability measure were used to track progress of lower extremity function overtime. Single leg stance (SLS) was used to measure balance. The six-minute walk test (6MWT) was administered to assess progression of walking distance. Girth measurements were taken to measure swelling and edema. Goniometry and manual muscle testing (MMT) were used to capture improvements in range of motion (ROM) and strength. Discussion The results of this intervention include improvements in LEFS, FAAM, SLS, 6MWT, girth measurements, ROM, and MMT at time of self-discharge on the left lower extremity. Self- discharge was due to becoming symptomatic on the right lower extremity during running activities. Although results were favorable in this case report for the left lower extremity, further research is necessary in order to establish the most effective rehabilitation course for this population