How Spatial Presence in VR Affects Memory Retention and Motivation on Second Language Learning: A Comparison of Desktop and Immersive VR-Based Learning

Virtual Reality (VR) software and hardware are becoming increasingly stable as are the production values for VR content. This progress makes it essential to research the impacts of language learning in VR to provide directions and guidelines for the field of educational technology. This research examines the efficacy of media effects and memory retention in language learning through computer assistance with an increased focus on VR. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of using VR as a method for the second language (L2) learning. It is assumed that VR uses latent acquisition when used for learning L2, increasing memory retention by producing spatial presence and a stronger immersion experience. Thus, the VR method has potential to be an effective novel approach that uses subconscious mechanisms of memory coding, ‘Method of Loci’, to facilitate the acquisition of new words through learning. In order to corroborate it, immersive and desktop learning environments based on VR need to be compared to analyze the media’s impact on constructs, such as spatial presence, memory, enjoyment, and motivation. The Korean language learning module and a test were administered to a group of participants, none of whom had a prior learning experience with the Korean language. The research implication is a positive correlation between media and medium impacts with findings that provide an important foundation in the fields of language education and media communications. Accordingly, L2 learning through VR offers a novel method to learning new languages by facilitating convenience and effectiveness