The rare earth carbonates: property trends, synthesis, and relevance

Publication date
May 2018

Abstract

The rare earth carbonates in the broadest definition are an important class of insoluble rare earth solids that account for a large amount of the globe’s rare earth mineral resources and are precipitated as precursor materials in the preparation of other rare earth solids in industrial settings. Understanding how to best extract and utilize the rare earths from carbonate sources starts with a fundamental understanding of the properties of the pure rare earth carbonates, namely the normal carbonates (RE2(CO3)3·xH2O) and the hydroxycarbonates (RE(OH)CO3). This would allow us to improve the efficiency and sustainability of industrial rare earth refinement, find new ways to precipitate the carbonates, and enable important technologies that rely...

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