Unlawfulness and illegality in the context of Civil Code` model of state liability

Publikacja recenzowana / Peer-reviewed publicationPresent model of state liability contained in art. 417 and art. 4171 of the Civil Code maps and concrete content of art. 77 § 1 of the Constitution. Abovementioned provisions combines the state liability to the occurrence of illegality, rather than unlawfulness that is rooted in the general principles of tort liability. Mentioned periods are not identical, and the fact that legislature use the term contained in constitutional norm suggest meaning of the term set out in the judgment of the Tribunal of 4 December 2001, ref. No. SK 18/00 act, OTK 2001 No. 8, item. 256. (i.e. strict recognition of the term involving only denial of behavior that includes orders and prohibitions under the current rules, agreed with regard to the constitutional recognition of the sources of law). It should be noted, however, that due to the nature of certain official actions, violations range implying state liability should be subjected to additional restriction to allow effective functioning of certain institutions and state authorities