Research report (University of Texas at Austin. Center for Transportation Research)

"This is a final report of an extensive experimental and analytical examination of the fatigue behavior of the welded end connection used on high-mast light structures and traffic signal masts. The weld details commonly used for these connections produce very poor fatigue performance. Their performance is a function of base plate stiffness, weld type and geometry, and number of anchor bolts. Recommended connections and their corresponding fatigue strength are given as well as recommended fabrication and welding specifications.