Productivity effects of ICTs and organizational change: A test of the complementarity hypothesis in Spain

Using firm level data, this paper explores the effect of information and communication technologies (ICTs) and organizational change on firms' productivity. In line with the most relevant empirical literature, it focuses on the complementarity between these two practices. It is argued that there are significant productivity gains associated with new organizational practices in combination with investments in ICTs. I find evidence supporting the hypothesis that the use of ICTs is complementary with organizational change, although this result depends on which ICTs variable is used. Finally, results are consistent when analyzing manufacturing and services firms separately