An Islamic perspective of industrial relations: the case of Pakistan

The aim of this paper is to describe an Islamic perspective of industrial relations (IR). Based on a review of literature on IR in Islam including a reading of the principal sources of Islam (the Qur'an and the Hadith), the paper identifies two divergent ethical approaches to IR: a pro-equality (neutral) approach and a pro-social justice (affirmative) approach. In its second half, the paper offers a case study of IR in Pakistan. The study suggests that the two divergent Islamic approaches to IR may be seen as having ambiguous implications for labor laws and trade unions in Pakistan (and possibly other Muslim majority countries)