Relative importance of dispersion and rate-limited mass transfer in highly heterogeneous porous media: Analysis of a new tracer test at the Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) site

This is the published version. Copyright American Geophysical Union[1] A single-well injection-withdrawal (SWIW) bromide tracer test was conducted to further investigate transport processes at the Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) site on Columbus Air Force Base in Mississippi. The bromide breakthrough curve is highly asymmetric and exhibits an early time high-concentration peak followed by an extended period of low-concentration tailing. Comparisons of results simulated by advection-dispersion (AD) and dual-domain mass transfer (DDMT) models with the field data show that the DDMT model more accurately represents the magnitudes of both the early high-concentration peak and the later low-concentration tail. For both the AD and DDMT models, the match with field data is enhanced by incorporating hydraulic conductivity information from new direct-push profiling methods. The Akaike information criterion for the DDMT models is much smaller than that for the AD models in both the homogeneous and heterogeneous cases investigated in this work. The improved match of the DDMT model with the SWIW test data supports the hypothesis of mass transfer processes occurring at this highly heterogeneous site