Design and installation of subsea cable, pipeline and umbilical crossing interfaces

Deterioration of subsea cable, pipeline and umbilical crossings often occur due to relative movement between the crossing members. Any crossing design should aim to achieve a sound, fit for purpose solution that will be maintenance free over the crossing life. Due to the increased density of subsea fields, crossing instances need to be increasingly accommodated. Current subsea design codes are not explicit in the criteria for subsea crossings, beyond recommending pipeline separation distances. The work within this paper describes two case studies in the novel use of articulated padding applied to the crossing member, using the crossed pipeline as a support and then using the articulated padding resting on traditional grout-bag supports. The results highlight the ability of the articulated padding to provide the required separation on subsea crossings without the need for extra support design. It is also shown that the articulated padding can be used on grout-bag shoulder supports to allow full subsea crossing separation for crossing lays that will undergo large environmental loading conditions, and hence relative motion. The results presented also provide a basis for the development of future industry standards incorporating articulated padding designs. © 2017 Elsevier Lt