Reproductive timing and habitat preference in the stubble quail (Coturnix pectoralis) in Northern Victoria

The timing of breeding and habitat preference in the stubble quail (Coturnix pectoralis) were assessed at two study sites, Dookie and Mitiamo, in the north of Victoria. Surveying was over and eight month period between September 1993 - April 1994. Reproductive timing was determined by monitoring changes in the gomad size of shot birds. Breeding events were verified by disproportionate increases in the number of young birds shot. Population density was measured as an indicator of habitat preference. Site characteristics known to affect habitat selection were monitored. Breeding was in spring and autumn. Spring breeding coincided with the period of maximum plant growth. Autumn breeding was stimulated by above average late summer rainfall. Male stubble quail were shot in greater numbers during a known breeding event. Stubble quail preferred areas of lightly grazed pasture dominanted by native grass species. Recently harvested wheat and barley stubble provided an abundant short-term food supply, however the ability of this habitat type to support resident stubble quail populations is questioned. Stubble quail population density appeared to be strongly influenced by territorial behaviour during breeding. Implications for the management of this game species are discussed and future lines of research recommended