Visual Voltammogram at an Array of Closed Bipolar Electrodes in a Ladder Configuration

In this paper, we report a method for obtaining a visual voltammogram at a linear array of closed wireless bipolar electrodes (BPEs). This advancement is significant, because the visual voltammogram captures the entire current–potential (i–E) relationship of a faradaic reaction in one image and is continuously generated over time. Therefore, we anticipate that this method will allow monitoring in redox systems that change over time. Further, the use of a linear array of BPEs eliminates the need to use a potentiostat and can be carried out with a simple DC power supply. Our experimental and numerical results demonstrate that the visual voltammogram is similar to a linear sweep voltammogram and therefore, information about the faradaic process can be extracted from the wave position, height, and shape