Performance of Rubber Tire-Confined Capping Layer under Cyclic Loading for Railroad Conditions

The need for long-term performance of rail infrastructure has now become imperative because heavy-haul railways are expected towithstand higher speeds and heavier axle loads, especially for enhanced productivity in mining and agriculture sectors. However, the deg-radation of ballast particles and associated track deformation impose a significant impact on the cost of maintenance. Although variousexisting techniques can be used to reduce the extent and frequency of maintenance without removing the superstructure, this study elucidatesa novel method of confining the upper subballast stratum (i.e., capping) with energy-absorbing rubber tire cells to provide increased stabilityand resiliency to the track substructure. The results of this study verify that a capping layer confined with recycled rubber tire cells can activelyreduce ballast degradation and particle movement within the track substructure. A favorable reduction in track settlement and lateral spread-ing of particles is also attained when broadly-graded finer gravels are selected to form a compacted capping layer just beneath the ballast layer