New Public Management: Contemporary Administrative Reforms in Austria

Krizni menadžment ne može osigurati učinkovitost i efikasnost uprave iako u određenoj mjeri uspijeva suzbijati čimbenike koji otežavaju postizanje tih ciljeva. Postoji potreba za stalnim nadzorom nad izvršavanjem zadataka, kritičkim ocjenjivanjem ciljeva te djelotvornom konsolidacijom proračuna. Dva različita upravljačka obrasca jesu administrativni model, usmjeren na izvršavanje zakona, na proceduru i input, te poduzetnički model usmjeren na svrhe, rezultate i output i iz kojeg proizlazi novi javni menadžment, a zatim i nova politika. Upravna reforma u Austriji obuhvaća deregulaciju, funkcionalnu reformu, povjeravanje obavljanja poslova nezavisnim organizacijama, samoorganiziranje za obavljanje poslova, privatizaciju, uključivanje građana, elektroničku upravu te promjenu položaja upravnog osoblja.Effectiveness, power and efficiency of administration have to be secured constantly. They are influenced by disruptive factors: shortage of resources, inadequacy of organisation and overexertion by number of tasks. The disruptive factors have been counteracted more or less effectively by the so-called crisis management. Yet, crisis management cannot secure an effective and efficient administration. There is a need for a constant and systematic review of execution of administrative tasks, a constant and systematic review of objectives and an effective budget consolidation. In the article these efforts to maintain effectiveness and efficiency of administration are compared. Two types of steering patterns are introduced. The one is the administrative steering model, the other one the entrepreneurial one. The main point of the administrative steering model is the determination of administration by law, further points are directives, disciplinary responsibility, etc, and the following principles: orientation to the execution of law, procedure orientation and input orientation. On the other hand the entrepreneurial model is oriented towards objectives, output and success. The one side of the medal is the new public management, the other side the new politics. The main aspects of the new public management and the new politics are analysed. Different issues of the contemporary administrative reforms of the administrative system in Austria are referred: functional reform, outsourcing the fulfilment of tasks, deregulation, self organisation the performance of tasks, privatisation, participation of the citizens in the administrative decision making processes, e-government, issues concerning administrative staff