Research on medicinal and toxic bioactive substances of native origin in scientific papers of the Pharmaceutical Sciences College members

Opisan je pregled istraživanja iz znanstvenih područja članova Kolegija farmaceutskih znanosti AMZH-a o ljekovitim biološki aktivnim tvarima ljekovitog bilja, te o toksičnim sekundarnim metabolitima plijesni. Prikazan je spektar antimikrobnosti začinskog bilja i fungicidnosti aromatičnog bilja Hrvatske, te terapijski učinak eteričnog ulja biljke Pelargonia radula kao i imunomodulirajuće i antitumorsko djelovanje biljke podlanice Caucalis platycarpos L. Od toksičnih metabolita plijesni, osvrt ukazuje na nalaz i rizike kroničnih otrovanja ljudi i životinja karcinogenim aflatoksinima, kao i doprinos mikotoksinskoj teoriji o utjecaju okratoksina A kao etiološkog čimbenika endemske nefropatije i imunosupresivnosti fumonizina B1. Ujedno je ukazano na 30-godišnji monitoring estrogenih mikotoksina i trihotecena kao i njihovih producenata u žitaricama i hrani u Hrvatskoj. Spomenuta su istraživanja o utjecaju spora plijesni na razvoj preosjetljivosti, alergije i aspergiloze pluća u ljudi. Istaknut je i nalaz nove vrste plijesni, imenovane Aspergillus pepii (Pepeljnjakov aspergil) koja je uvrštena u mikološku taksonomiju kao producent sterigmatocistina.An overview of the researches from the scientific areas of Collegium of pharmaceutical sciences members on medicinal biologically active herbal medicinal products and on toxic secondary metabolites of moulds is described. The spectrum of antimicrobiality of herbs (spices) and fungicides of Croatian aromatic herbs, as well as the therapeutic effect of Pelargonia radula essential oil and immunomodulatory and antitumor activity of plant Caucalis platycarpos L. is presented. From the toxic mould metabolites, the review points to the findings and risks of chronic poisoning of humans and animals with carcinogenic aflatoxins, as well as the contribution to mycotoxin theory of the effect of ochratoxin A as an etiological factor of endemic nephropathy and immunosuppressiveness of fumonisins B1. It is also pointed out on 30-year monitoring of estrogenic mycotoxins and trichothecenes as well as their producers in cereals and food in Croatia. Researches on the influence of mould spores on the development of hypersensitivity, allergies and lung aspergillosis in humans has been mentioned. A new species of mould has been accentuate, named Aspergillus pepii (Pepeljnjak\u27s aspergil), which was included in the mycological taxonomy as a producer of sterigmatocystin