A genetic perspective of the recovery and future conservation of the Antarctic blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus intermedia) following 20th century exploitation.

The Antarctic blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus intermedia, at over 30 metres long and 150 - 200 tonnes, is considered to be the largest animal to ever have existed. During 20th Century whaling activities in the Southern Ocean, its sheers size made the Antarctic blue whale a prime target. During this period, Antarctic blue whales were reduced to 0.15% of the estimated unexploited population size. In biological terms, such an event is known as a bottleneck, and is considered to have long lasting negative effects on the genetic diversity of the population. In the present study, recent genetic research is reviewed with regards to the genetic status of Antarctic blue whale populations following the 20th Century bottleneck event. The future of Antarctic blue whale conservation and the potential incorporation of genetic information into conservation management and policy decisions is also reviewed