REVIEW ON CURRENT POLIO VACCINES: VACCINATION SCHEDULES AND ADMINISTRATION ROUTES

Abstract Recent advances in the field of biotechnology have led to products containing enzymes, antibodies, and other biological agents for suitable use as pharmaceuticals for treatment of many diseases and vaccines for prevention purposes of broad range of infectious diseases. Poliomyelitis is one of serious disease caused by a virus, affecting the nervous system and resulting in paralysis in infant survivors. Oral Polio vaccine is used worldwide to eradicate the polio. Numerous challenges facing polio eradication continue to arise and differ from region to region, but one of such challenge of the Oral Polio vaccine is vaccine derived polio cases known as vaccine derived polioviruses and vaccines associated polio cases known as vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis. Inactivated Polio vaccine is one of the better options to eliminate and/or prevent these cases. On the basis of past literature, we are summarized here current development in polio vaccines after applying different technology and administrative routes. Furthermore, it is necessary to improve education, so people understand the basic concept of alternative vaccines and their different administration routes, thereby assisting in creating a basic understanding of polio vaccine and its vaccinations. Communication strategies should, therefore, be aimed at increasing awareness of poliomyelitis as a real health threat and educating the populace about the safety of the vaccine. Polio eradication partners should collaborate with other agencies and ministries to improve total primary healthcare packages to address identified unmet health and social needs. KEYWORDS: Polio vaccines, OPV, IPV, Sequential schedule, Administration Routes