RIFAMPICIN: ANTI TUBERCULAR DRUG: AN OVERVIEW

The World Health Organization inspires the use of fixed dose combination (FDC) of rifampicin combination used with isoniazid, isoniazid with pyrazinamide or pyrazinamide with ethambutol for the treatment of tuberculosis. Hence, it’s used worldwide for reducing the risk of emerging drug resistance. Rifampicin is one of the potent and broad spectrum antibiotics against bacterial pathogen. It works by inhibits the DNA dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming stable complex with enzyme. Here, the polymorphic form of rifampicin is describe by thermal study of rifampicin. The thermal behavior of two polymorphic forms of rifampicin was studied by DSC, FTIR, TGA, PXRD. The thermoanalytical results clearly showed the differences between the two crystalline forms. Polymorph I was the most thermally stable form and polymorph II was meta stable. On the DSC study of rifampicin it was shows the difference between both form on basis of melting point and exothermic and endothermic peak. The DSC curve of form I RMP shows the exothermic peak at the temperature between 240- 420ºc and form II RMP shows the endothermic peak at temperature range between 183-188ºc. By using the FTIR spectrum of form I RMP, it was shown that the absorption bands at approximately 3400 cm−1, 1722 cm−1, 1643 cm−1, for the OH of the chain loop group, acetyl group, furanone group sufficient to characterize form I of RMP and form II of RMP, it was shown that the absorption bands at 3356 cm−1 ,1732 cm−1, 1714 cm−1 , for the OH group, furanone group and acetyl group are sufficient to differentiate form I and form II rifampicin. In TGA analysis of RMP both polymorphs shows TGA curve form I occurred at the temperature 224.17 ºC and form II showed the temperature at 194.04 ºC. Powder X-ray diffraction was used to test the polymorphic forms of solid-state rifampicin. Keywords: Rifampicin, thermal study, analytical study, multidrug resistance study, consequences