Immobilized different shape gold nanostructures on printing paper for label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Background: Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), also known as surface-enhanced Raman scattering, is a spectroscopic or surface-sensitive technique that is label-free with high selectivity and sensitivity. This system can improve the Raman scattering through the adsorption of molecules on rough metal surfaces or using plasmonic-magnetic silica nanotubes as nanostructures. Methods: The paper-based SERS active substrates using different grade grams per square meter (GSM) were used by adsorbing 40nm spherical gold nanoparticles (GNP) and 40nm star-shaped gold nanostructures (GNS). A side from employing SERS evaluation and optimization, the morphological parameters had shown a strong impact on the substrates[JB1] . The developed substrate was evaluated using methylene blue (MB), a Raman reporter dye. Results: The preparation of the paper-based SERS active substrates was simple and available (very handy)[JB2] while using cheap solid SERS substrates. Conclusion: The GNS whose printing paper had 135GSM could be easily used as highly SERS active substrates with the enhancement factor (EF) of 105. [JB1] [JB1]Your meaning here is unclear, please rephrase [JB2]Please clarify your meaning her