Implementasi Health Belief Model untuk Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku Preventif Hipertensi Pada Remaja di Surakarta

Rumeyda Chitra Puspita S021508055. Implementation of Health Belief Model for the Analysis of Factors Affecting Hypertension Preventive Behaviors among Adolescents in Surakarta. Principal Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Didik Gunawan Tamtomo, dr., PAK, MM, M.Kes, Co-Supervisor: Dono Indarto, dr., M.Biotech. St, Ph.D. Master Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. ABSTRACT Background: Hypertension is one of the public health problem in developing and developed countries because of its high prevalence and many complications. Implementation of health belief model related to adolescent awareness improvement is the main key in hypertension prevention effort. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of health belief model for the analysis of factors affecting hypertension preventive behavior among adolescents in Surakarta. Subjects and Methods: The observational analytic study with cross sectional design was used in this study. A total of 200 students who aged 15-17 years old and were in year X and XI of 5 Vocational High Schools in Surakarta was recruited as research subjects with multi stage sampling and then quota sampling technique. The independent variables were perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perceived benefit, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy while perceived threat was as a mediated variable. The dependent variable was hypertension preventive behaviors. Questionnaires were used to collect data and collected data were analyzed using path analysis with SPSS AMOS 22 with p value <0.050. Results: Prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension in adolescents was 42.5% and 2.0% respectively. A higher prevalence of prehypertension was observed in adolescent males (54.1%) than adolescent females (45.9%). Perceived threat (b=0.24, p=0.002), perceived benefit (b=0.24, p=0.021), self-efficacy (b=0.40, p=0.084), and cues to action (b=0.45, p=0.003) affected directly on hypertension preventive behaviors. A negative effect was observed between perceived barrier and hypertension preventive behaviors (b=-0.26, p=0.015). Perceived susceptibility (b= 0.27, p=0.005), perceived seriousness (b=0.29, p