Pengaruh Ekstrak Bengkuang (Pachyrhizus erosus) terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Total Darah Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang Diberi Diet Tinggi Lemak

ABSTRACT Background : Cardiovascular disease was the leading cause of disability and death in the world. High levels of blood cholesterol became a risk factor in atherosclerosis was the leading cause of cardiovascular disease. Yam Bean contained flavonoids, isoflavones, phenols, and saponins which had the effect of antiherlipidemia. This study aimed to determine the effect of Yam Bean (Pachyrhizus erosus) extract on blood total cholesterol level of rats (Rattus norvegicus) with a high fat diet. Methods : This research was an experimental laboratoric research using the post test only with control group design. The research subject were 30 male white rats, Sprague Dawley strain, 2 months old, and their weights were about 130-240 gram. The subject were divided into 6 groups. The whole group adapted for 7 days. After a week, all groups except normal control, were given high fat diet 2 ml/200 gram BW/day within 21 days. For the positive control group was given 0.18 mg/200 g BW/day of simvastatin, the negative control group was given 2 ml/200 g BW/day of distilled water, the first treatment group was given 70 mg/200 g BW/day of Yam Bean extracts, the second treatment group was given 140 mg/200 g BW/day of Yam Bean extracts, and the third treatment group was given 210 mg/200 g BW/day of Yam Bean extracts. On the 22nd day, the blood had been taken from pre-orbital plexus for measurement of cholesterol levels. Then the data was analyzed using One-way ANOVA test then continued using Least Significance Difference test (LSD). Results : The statistical analysis by using One-way ANOVA showed a significant difference in blood total cholesterol level among six groups of treatment (p = 0,001). Post Hoc Test showed a significant difference among two groups, except the third treatment group which had the same result with the normal control groups (p = 0,335). Conclusion :Yam Bean (Pachyrhizus erosus) extract has effect to lowering total cholesterol levels of rats