The evaluation efficacy and side effects of IV Ibuprofen and IV Ketorolac in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients.

Background and objective: This study assessed the efficacy and tolerability of intravenous ibuprofen and IV ketorolac in the improvement of post-operative pain control and the reduction of opioid usage after laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery. Prevention and control of postoperative pain are essential. Inadequate treatment of postoperative pain continues to be a major problem after many surgeries and leads to worse outcomes. Methods: It was triple blinded study that included 90 patients who had undergone elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients were randomly assigned into three groups; Control group (n = 30) received saline solution, Ketorolac group (n = 30) received 30 mg IV Ketorolac and Ibuprofen group (n = 30) received 800 mg IV ibuprofen. All patients received patient-controlled (PCIA) intravenous fentanyl (30µg/kg) analgesia. The first dose of drugs was administered intravenously at the end of surgery and then every 8 hours, for a total of 3 doses after surgery. Postoperative analgesia was achieved by fentanyl and also meperidine (0/5 mg/kg was administered if VAS>3). Visual analog scores (VAS), postoperative opioid consumption, additional analgesic requirements, satisfaction, and side effects such as nausea and vomiting and sedation were recorded. Results: The mean amount of fentanyl and Mepridine use was reduced significantly in the ketorolac and Ibuprofen group compared with the placebo group (P<0/001). The area under the curve of visual analog scale pain ratings and side effects were not different between ketorolac and Ibuprofen groups but compared with placebo, were statistically lower at all time points (P