Effects of exercise and/or sleep deprivation on anxiety—Like behavior and body weight of female rats

The precise performance of sleep on brain health is not identified, although it is widely established that sleep has a basic performance in natural body function especially, central nervous system (CNS) recovery (Luyster et al., 2012). Fragmented sleep and sleep disorders in the long time can cause emotional changes, impaired cerebral capability, and disrupted function (Curcio et al., 2006). For instance, many experimental studies have indicated that SD causes damages in cognitive performance (Saadati et al., 2015; Saadati et al., 2014a; Saadati et al., 2014b ; Salari et al., 2015), emotional memory (Fernandes-Santos et al., 2012) and increased anxiety levels (Vollert et al., 2011). As well as, sleep loss is a frequent complaint of women compared with men. In addition, sleep difficulties are reported to be more frequent during the menopausal and post-menopausal periods in women (Dzaja et al., 2005 ; Luyster et al., 2012) Vast body of evidence revealed that aerobic running is a helpful and cost-well-organized treatment for several of anxiety and mood disorders, such as anxiety like behavior (Cotman and Berchtold, 2002). The purpose of this study was to specifically test the effects of chronic physical exercise and/or sleep deprivation on anxiety-related behaviors in female rats