A comparative evaluation of glass fiber post and cast metal post fracture resistance, longevity and complications.

Relevance of the problem and aim of the work: endodontically treated teeth are usually characterized by less resistance of occlusal forces due to large loss of tissues, therefore posts and cores are used to restore teeth aesthetics, anatomy and function, increase their longevity. Nowadays, due to different clinical situations and the wide variety of root posts, a difficult task for a dentist is to choose the best way to restore missing tooth’s tissues. Previously cast metal posts were the most popular and widely used, however in these times more options and more different posts are created and available for every dentist. Glass fiber posts are most competitive due to a similar elasticity module to natural root dentine and crashing forces, better aesthetic properties. Therefore, the aim of this work is to analyze publications in the LSMU subscribed database, to compare and evaluate fracture resistance, longevity and complications of glass fibre post and cast metal post. Material and the methods: an electronic literature search in LSMU subscribed database was performed with the methodology of PRISMA principle including articles published from January 1st of 2014 till January 1st of 2019. The analysis of scientific literature included 9 publications not older than 5 years written in English, all studies, which analyzed the fracture resistance, longevity and restoration complications of glass fiber posts and cast metal posts. Results: a total number of 9 articles met the inclusion criteria. 20 of the articles were used for introduction and discussion. In selected in vitro studies, which analysed fracture resistance were 160 teeth, restorations with glass fiber posts – 82 and with cast metal posts – 78. In vivo studies were analysed longevity of 355tooth with 182 glass fiber posts and 173 with cast metal posts. All dental failures were estimated. Conclusions: the fracture resistance results in all analysed studies between glass fiber posts and cast metal posts were contradictory, therefore incapable state the superiority one of them. The results of longevity of the glass fibre posts and cast metal posts were determined in cast metal posts group. The most commonly identified complications of the glass fibre posts are post debonding, and cast metal posts – root fracture