Evaluation of alternate programming languages to JavaScript

The development of web applications for desktop and mobile has surged in recent years. The most popular web scripting language is JavaScript because all the browsers support it and its role as a scripting language of the WWW. It is a powerful and flexible language. However, it also has some shortcomings. For this reason, over the last few years many different web scripting languages have appeared, they give the solutions to the shortcomings of JavaScript. In this thesis a number of emerging web scripting languages are surveyed and the most popular option, CoffeeScript, TypeScript and Dart, are evaluated in detailed level. We will explain what a scripting language is and how it works, JavaScript‘s problems in developing a web application, list of available scripting languages for web clients, the motivation behind these languages and their features that they add to JavaScript. In order to show the results, an example web application is developed in all the languages. The main conclusion extracted of this thesis is that these languages address the shortcomings of the JavaScript such as they all have the compile time checking for errors, CoffeeScript adds the syntactic sugar to JavaScript syntax, object-orientation, inheritance. TypeScript and Dart have the type checking, modules and generics. Dart also supports the concurrency with isolates. It is easy to develop and maintain the complex and large scale applications in these languages