Unification of system equipment for nanosensor nodes

Nanotechnology is aiming to design nanocomponents where unique phenomena empower novel applications at nanoscale level. By integrating these nanocomponents into a single entity will enable the development of nano-machines. Nanonetwork is an interconnection among nano-machines that makes use of novel nanomaterials and nanoparticles to detect and measure with new functionalities stemming in a scale ranging from one to few hundred nanometers. Up to date, it is still on research and challenging issues to define how nano-machines will communicate. Existing communication technology are not appropriate due to their size and power consumption of transceivers, receivers and other apparatuses which demand us novel solution regarding channel modelling or protocols for nanonetwork. In this thesis work we mainly focused on electromagnetic communication among nanosensors by explaining the details of architecture, their individual components and development process. In communication perspective we focused on terahertz (0.1-10.0THz) channel propagation model for and The EM properties of novel nanomaterials graphene based nano-antennas which will define the communication capabilities of nanosensor devices. Based on composition of medium, different bandwidth is suitable for different transmission distances. If we are going to choose best available bandwidth we can greatly decrease the density of nanosensor nodes we need. We simulate based on HITRAN database of molecular absorption for different medias e.g. air, Ozone (O3), Ammonia (NH3), Nitrogen (isotopologue 14N14N for N2) and Water (H2O). To determine optimal frequency band that minimizes the path loss and maximizes the transmission distance at nanoscale network for example in open environment, we would like to have coverage as huge as possible and probability of connectivity of the network to estimate how many sensors we require to be placed. The density of the nodes must be really huge if the communication range is lower. Our simulation result shows for different radius of disk field to keep the probability of 1-connetivity the required nodes decreases hugely when communication range increases from 1mm to 2mm which is nearly 9times