Modeling and Simulation of BESS-Upgraded Power Transmission Systems for Frequency Control

This thesis reports on the evaluation of the impact of a battery energy storage system (BESS) on the voltage and frequency stability of a power transmission system. With the increased penetration of renewable energy sources, particularly wind power, into the power system network new challenges regarding the two major concerns in the transportation and distribution of electrical energy, i.e. power quality and system stability, are being experienced. One way to reduce these concerns is the application of MW-level Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs). Despite a long-standing interest in the BESS technology, its application in the transmission system had not been seriously considered until relatively recently. Since the main focus for this study is frequency stability, a comprehensive discussion on frequency control, including primary and secondary frequency controls is included. This provides the opening for the evaluation of the impact of the BESS on system frequency. In addition, this thesis outlines several BESS installations from early 1980s to today’s state of the art technology. The thesis conducts research using modeling and simulation in PSCAD and PowerWorld environments to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the impact of the BESS technology to ameliorate the frequency excursions that follow a power load increase in a high-voltage transmission system and providing effective voltage support. In brief, the findings of this thesis indicate the positive influence of the BESS on the power transmission system stability