Homogenization of random porous materials with low-order virtual elements

A fast statistical homogenization procedure (FSHP) based on virtual element method (VEM) - previously developed by the authors has been successfully adopted for the homogenization of particulate random composites, via the definition of the representative volume element (RVE), and of the related equivalent elastic moduli. In particular, the adoption of virtual elements of degree one for modeling the inclusions provided reliable results for materials with low contrast, defined as the ratio between mechanical properties of inclusions and matrix. Porous media are then here described as bimaterial systems in which soft circular inclusions, with a very low value of material contrast, are randomly distributed in a continuous stiffer matrix. Several simulations have been performed by varying the level of porosity, highlighting the effectiveness of FSHP in conjunction with virtual elements of degree one