Effect of Climate Change Factors on Processes of Crop Growth and Development and Yield of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Global warming is changing climate in terms of increased frequency of extreme weather events as well as increased air temperature and vapor pressure deficit of air and spatial and temporal change in rainfall. In spite of beneficial effect of increased atmospheric CO2 concentration, climate change will adversely impact the production and productivity of groundnut grown in subtropical and tropical regions of the world. The paper reviews the current state of knowledge on effects of climate change factors on the growth and development of groundnut. The review identifies research gaps and suggests upgrades to groundnut models, such as the CROPGRO-Groundnut model, which is being used as a tool to assess impacts of climate change on groundnut crop. The review revealed that the direct and indirect effects of most climate change factors on plant growth and development processes are well understood and already incorporated in the CROPGRO-Groundnut model. Extreme events associated with climate change may sometime cause water-logging, extreme soil water deficiency or extreme humidity conditions, and these effects could be better addressed in the models