Heliothis: a Global Problem

The geographical distribution of the major pests, Heliothis armigera, H. zea, and H. vlrescens, and the crop losses caused by these are reviewed. Although i t is generally considered that the destruction of natural enemies by pesticide use and changes In cropping patterns and management have promoted these insects to malor pest status, there are areas where H. armlgera Is a serious pest, although traditional agriculture is s t i l l practiced, and no pesticides are used. The dangers of a further increase in losses to Heliothis spp by breeding more susceptible crops are described. There is a need for a more imaginative and holistic approach to research directed towards the management of these pests