Revisão aberta por pares: presença brasileira na F1000Research

In the field of scientific production and sharing in the digital environment, both the scientific communication system and the peer review model have been the subject of a broad debate, providing new challenges, such as the development of alternatives for creation, evaluation and dissemination of scientific knowledge. The Open Science Movement, which promotes open access to scientific knowledge, contributed to the emergence of the Open Peer Review, which follows models characterized by the need to identify the reviewers and their revisions or by the need for parties' consent (authors and revisions) for the disclosure of their identities. The objective of this research is to identify and characterize the participation of Brazilian researchers in Health and Life Sciences in this format of peer review. This descriptive and exploratory research has as source of information the F1000Research platform that adopts the Open Peer Review model and is dedicated to the specific themes of Health and Life Sciences. In order to do so, a search in the platform with the term "Brazil" in the "Author Affiliation" and "Referee Affiliation" fields. Of the total of 1,660 documents indexed in the database at the date of the survey, only 1.8% documents (n = 30) consisted of at least one author of a Brazilian institution and 2.2% documents (n = 38) were reviewed by at least one researcher, thus establishing the corpus of this research. It was verified that although the Platform receives the submission of unconventional typologies published in scientific journals, such as slides, for example, 73.33% of the documents (n = 22) correspond to the category of articles. Regarding the institution of the Brazilian authors, the presence of educational institutions, companies, hospitals and federal agencies such as the Ministry of Health stands out, for example. The Southeastern region of the country is the most representative with 68% (n = 17) of the institutions. Some of the identified educational institutions are internationally recognized such as, for example, the University of São Paulo, the Federal University of São Paulo, the Federal University of São Carlos, the University of Campinas and the Federal University of Minas Gerais. As to authorship, 6.6% of the texts (n = 2) are single authored, 40% (n = 12) are shared authors with authors only related to Brazilian institutions and 53.4% (n = 16) are authored jointly with international authors. Analyzing the reviewers from Brazilian institutions, 38% (n = 19) are from the University of São Paulo. Although most revisions are single authored, some documents have also appeared in co-authorship in theirs reviews, which is a novelty in signing revisions. The F1000Research platform allows the complete monitoring of the publishing process, with access to the revision reports and modifications made in the original text, from the comments received. Another advantage of the platform is the possibility of training new reviewers. The low adhesion to the platform, however, compromises its representativeness for studies of scientific communication in the mainstream system, although it is an initiative that allows in-depth studies on adherence to this new alternative to the scientific communication process