Hyperfine structure of the ground and first excited states in light hydrogen-like atoms and high-precision tests of QED

We consider hyperfine splitting of is and, in part, of 2s levels in light hydrogen-like atoms: hydrogen, deuterium, tritium, helium-3 ion, muonium and positronium. We discuss present status of precision theory and experiment for the hfs intervals. We pay a special attention to a specific difference, D21 = 8Ehfs(2s) - Ehfs(1s), which is known experimentally for hydrogen, deuterium and 3He+ ion. The difference is weakly affected by the effects of the nuclear structure and thus may be calculated with a high accuracy. We complete a calculation of the fourth order QED contributions to this difference and present here new results on corrections due to the nuclear effects. Our theoretical predictions appear to be in a fair agreement with available experimental data. Comparison of the experimental data with our examination of D21 allows to test the state-dependent sector of theory of the hfs separation of the is and 2s levels in the light hydrogen- like atoms up to 10-8