Bezpečná anestezie potkana pro náročné výkony

Rat is a significant laboratory animal that is used especially in pharmacology, experimantal surgery, onkology and in reproduction and nutrition experiments. Therefore, it is very important to know the dosage of anestetics even for longer an more demanding operations. This bachelor thesis deals mainly with optimimization of anesthetic doses for demanding procedures and comparison of effects of individual anestecics on rat physiology. In the experiment, rats were divided into five experimental groups. The first group was given a combination of ketamine and xylazine totaling 3 times, where the first dose was for ketamine 100 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg for xylazine; the second and third doses were dosedfor ketamine 50 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg for xylazine. The second group was also administered 3 times with propofol, medetomidine and nalbuphine, where the first dose was for propofol 100 mg/kg, 0.1 mg/kg for medetomidine and 10 mg/kg for nalbufine; the subsequent anesthetic dosing was 50 % of the initiation dose. The third group was given a combination of propofol, medetomidine and nalbuphine again 3 times, where the first dose was 100 mg/kg for propofol, 0.1 mg/kg for medetomidine and 10 mg/kg for nalbuphine; the subsequent anesthetic dosing was 25 % of the initiation dose. The fourth group was given a combination of ketamine and xylazine only once, where ketamine was 100 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg for xylazine. The last fifth group was given a combination of medetomidine and nalbuphine only once, where the dosage was 100 mg/kg for propofol, 0.1 mg/kg for medetomidine and 10 mg/kg for nalbufine. After inhalation of isoflurane, the rats were given intraperitoneal anesthetics. The results show that the experimental groups used, long-term anesthesia (3 doses of anesthetics) was most, beneficial for rats using a combination of propofol (100 mg/kg), medetomidine (0.1 mg/kg) and nalbuphine (0.1 mg/kg) kg), where the subsequent doses were 25 % of the initial dose. Furthermore, we found that ketamine and xylazine anesthesia is insufficient for long-term surgery. The prolongation of the surgical phase of anesthesia by repeated administration of a reduced dose of anesthetics is possible, but this anesthesia is characterized by a more frequent occurrence of complications and therefore generally not recommended