Teleophthalmology as a Tool to Increase Screening Rates for Diabetic Retinopathy in Vulnerable Populations

Purpose: This paper aims to synthesize the available published literature that examines the use of teleophthalmology as a tool to increase screening rates for diabetic retinopathy (DR) in vulnerable and rural populations. Methods: Literature from major databases were reviewed to determine whether teleophthalmology is an effective strategy for increasing screening rates for DR in identified populations. PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar were searched using relevant keywords, all databases and search engines were restricted to the English language, without a publication date restriction. All study designs were included as long as they met the initial search criteria. Results: Seventy-six articles (n=76) were identified as relevant for teleophthalmology, DR screening and vulnerable populations. After further review of these articles, twenty-one (n=21) articles were included in the literature review. All of the included studies demonstrate that telemedicine increases DR screening examination rate in vulnerable populations. Conclusion: Screening with teleophthalmology programs can help reduce vision loss rates due to DR. Vulnerable populations as well as underserved areas can benefit from offering access to this cost-effective screening service.Master of Public Healt