The effects of self-employment congestion on the economic outcomes of the self-employed and wage earners in the service sector

??? ????????? ‘????????? ??????’??? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????????. ??????????????????????????? ???????????? ????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? 1998????????? 2014??? ????????? 27??? ????????? ?????? ??? 9?????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? 10?????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ????????????. ???????????? ??????????????? ??? ????????? ?????????. ??? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????????????? ???-?????? ??????????????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ????????????. ????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ??????????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ????????????????????? ??????????????? ????????? ??????, ????????? ???????????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????? ????????????. ?????? ??? ???????????? ????????? ?????? 10%??? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????????????????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????????. ????????? ????????? ????????????????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ?????????. ??? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ????????? ??????????????? ?????? ??????. This study looks at the effects of excessive weak self-employment (referred to as “self-employment congestion“) on the economic outcomes of the self-employed and wage earners in the Korean service sector. Using the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study data (KLIP) of the Korea Labor Institute between 1998 and 2014, of twenty-seven service businesses, the self-employment congestion rate is found to have fallen in nine business types and risen in ten business types during the surveyed period. There were not large changes in the remaining business types Defined as the proportion of weak self-employed within the total number of workers, self-employment congestion in the service sector is found to lower the earnings of both weak and non-weak self-employed and the wages of wage earners within individual service businesses. Specifically, this study finds that the negative effects of self-employment congestion in low self-employment congestion businesses are higher on less successful self-employed but that the negative effects of self-employment congestion in high self-employed congestion businesses are higher on more successful businesses, and especially on the top 10%. It also finds that the negative effects of self-employment congestion on the wages of wage earners are significant in high self-employment congestion businesses, but not in low self-employment congestion businesses. These results support the hypothesis that excessive weak self-employment in the Korean service sector is a factor hindering development of the Korean service sector