Neo-Confucianism and Physiotherapy: The Mind-Body-Spirit Connection

AbstractThis article examines the influence of traditional Chinese philosophy, in particular Neo-Confucianism, on our understanding of health, ill health and health care; and its role in contemporary physiotherapy practice in Hong Kong and China. Neo-Confucianism, a blend of Taoism and Buddhism with traditional Confucianism, has been a principal influence on the beliefs, attitudes and values of the Chinese people for 2,000 years. These philosophies are discussed in the context of the dominance and limitations of Western-based health care practice; the implications for Eastern-based health care practices; the contemporary definition of health by the World Health Organization; and health care trends and reform in Hong Kong. The practice of physiotherapy in Hong Kong provides a template for merging Eastern and Western philosophies in health care. Merging these philosophies reinforces the mind-body-spirit connection as a basis for understanding health and health care needs, and addresses the limitations of either philosophy individually in contemporary health care. Further, merging Eastern and Western philosophies provides a framework for the global advancement and development of physiotherapy practice, professional education and research