Checklist of helminth parasites of wild primates from Brazil

AbstractThe current study is the first attempt to include the many records from wild primate host species from the Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute (CHIOC), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, along with updated information based on literature. We list a total of 50 species of helminth parasites associated with 46 species of wild primates in Brazil. A total of 814 records of helminths in wild primates from Brazil were listed, including 406 samples of helminths stored in the CHIOC. Of these samples, 16 are new host records (NHR). The majority of these helminth species are nematodes with 30 species reported, which corresponds to 60% of the total number of helminths. The helminth species with more host species is the nematode Dipetalonema gracilis (Filarioidea, Onchocercidae), associated to 13 species of primates. The primate species with more reports of helminths in Brazil is Saimiri sciureus (Cebidae), with 16 species (13 nematodes, 3 acanthocephalans). In the current study, 46 species of primates have at least 1 species of helminth recorded, which represents approximately 39% of species of this host in Brazil. Therefore, we can conclude that the helminths documented in wild primates from Brazil are obviously underestimated, since the helminth fauna in the majority of Brazilian primates remains unknown