Effectiveness of frequency relays on networks with multiple distributed generation

AbstractDistributed generation (DG) has gained a vital role in distribution utilities. So, it is important to correctly detect islanding of DG units. Frequency relays are one of the most commonly used loss of mains detection method. However, distribution utilities may be faced by concern related to false operation of these frequency relays. The commercially available frequency relays reported considering standard tight setting. This paper investigates some factors related to relays internal algorithm that contribute to their different operating responses. The factors that will be investigated are frequency measuring techniques, measuring windows, time delays and under voltage interlock function. With the increasing penetration of DG into the network, it is becoming common to have multiple DG units connected at the same network location. Two generators connected at the same location and employing frequency relays with the same setting but different characteristics were simulated. When subjected to the same network disturbances the possible interference between the two relays is analyzed