Value of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Stress Perfusion Testing for the Detection of Coronary Artery Disease in Women

ObjectivesWe wanted to assess the value of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) stress testing for evaluation of women with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD).BackgroundA combined perfusion and infarction CMR examination can accurately diagnose CAD in the clinical setting in a mixed gender population.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 147 consecutive women with chest pain or other symptoms suggestive of CAD at 2 centers (Duke University Medical Center, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus). Each patient underwent a comprehensive clinical evaluation, a CMR stress test consisting of cine rest function, adenosine-stress and rest perfusion, and delayed-enhancement CMR infarction imaging, and X-ray coronary angiography within 24 h. The components of the CMR test were analyzed visually both in isolation and combined using a pre-specified algorithm. Coronary artery disease was defined as stenosis ≥70% on quantitative analysis of coronary angiography.ResultsCardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging was completed in 136 females (63.0 ± 11.1 years), 37 (27%) women had CAD on coronary angiography. The combined CMR stress test had a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 84%, 88%, and 87%, respectively, for the diagnosis of CAD. Diagnostic accuracy was high at both sites (Duke University Medical Center 82%, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus 90%; p = 0.18). The accuracy for the detection of CAD was reduced when intermediate grade stenoses were included (82% vs. 87%; p = 0.01 compared the cutoff of stenosis ≥50% vs. ≥70%). The sensitivity was lower in women with single-vessel disease (71% vs. 100%; p = 0.06 compared with multivessel disease) and small left ventricular mass (69% vs. 95%; p = 0.04 for left ventricular mass ≤97 g vs. >97 g). The latter difference was even more significant after accounting for end-diastolic volumes (70% vs. 100%; p = 0.02 for left ventricular mass indexed to end-diastolic volume ≤1.15 g/ml vs. >1.15 g/ml).ConclusionsA multicomponent CMR stress test can accurately diagnose CAD in women. Detection of CAD in women with intermediate grade stenosis, single-vessel disease, and with small hearts is challenging